Serpentarium Mundi by Alexei Alexeev The Ancient Ophidian Iconography Resource (Mundus Vetus, 3000 BC - 650 AD)
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Figure 016 of 189 GIANT (OPHIOPODE): GALLERY | LIBRARY | REGISTRY Figure 018 of 189
Figure III-2-gio-017. Relief image of the ophiopode (serpent-legged) Giant (Porphyrion or Alcyoneus?), holding an uncertain round object (wreath?) in his raised left hand, serving as the Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus' (Temple of Jupiter Capitolinus') pediment decoration. | Opposite side (obverse): Domitian's laureate-diademed head rightward.

● Artefact
Object Category: Coin
View: Reverse
Medium: Bronze
Denomination: As
Size/Diameter: 28 mm
Weight: 12.1 gm
● Context
Creator: Unknown
Mint: Lugdunum
Region: Gaul
Authority/Issuer: Vespasian (r. 69-79 AD)
Sitter(s): Domitian (r. 81-96 AD)
Period: Middle Roman Imperial, Flavian Dynasty
Date: 77-78 AD
Provenience: Unknown
● Collection
Ownership: Private
Location: Unknown
Inventory №: N/A
 
● Iconographic Type: Hexagenic™ Nomenclature Summary
Type: III.2a.gio.2b.lug·ves.2
Ontolocators
(Prefix):
volume: III. coins
chapter (part): 2. fantastic creatures (a. herpetomorphs)
Integrals
(Stem):
subject: gio. Giant (ophiopode)
feature: 2. as architectural decoration (b. holding wreath?; temple's hexastyle portico)
Differentials
(Suffix):
idiosyncrasy: lug. Lugdunum (ves. Vespasian)
variation: 2. Domitian on obverse
● Iconographic Type: Formal Semantic Indicators™
Identifiers
(Beings):
deity.1: [Jupiter⁽¹⁾] "artwork.3" [sculpture.2]; [Jupiter⁽²⁾] "cluster.5" [central triumphal scene]; "artwork.5" [sculpture group.1 [central acroterium]]
deity.2: [Juno] "artwork.4" [sculpture.3]
deity.3: [Minerva] "artwork.2" [sculpture.1]
deity.4: [Victoria⁽¹⁾] "cluster.6" [left triumphal scene]; "artwork.6" [sculpture group.2 [left acroterium]];
[Victoria⁽²⁾] "cluster.7" [right triumphal scene]; "artwork.7" [sculpture group.3 [right acroterium]]
hero: Ø
mortal: Ø
notable: Ø
anonym: Ø
animal.1: [horse⁽¹⁾ (×4)] "cluster.2" [central quadriga]; "artwork.5" [sculpture group.1 [central acroterium]];
[horse⁽²⁾ (×2)] "cluster.3" [left biga];
"artwork.6" [sculpture group.2 [left acroterium]];
[horse⁽³⁾ (×2)] "cluster.4" [right biga];
"artwork.7" [sculpture group.3 [right acroterium]]
creature.1: Giant (ophiopode) [Porphyrion?/
Alcyoneus?] "cluster.1" [glorification? scene]; "artwork.1" [relief.1 [pediment's tympanum]]
object.1: wreath? "cluster.1" [glorification? scene]; "artwork.1" [relief.1 [pediment's tympanum]]
object.2: [chariot⁽¹⁾] "cluster.2" [central quadriga]; "artwork.5" [sculpture group.1 [central acroterium]];
[chariot⁽²⁾] "cluster.3" [left biga]; "artwork.6" [sculpture group.2 [left acroterium]];
[chariot⁽³⁾] "cluster.4" [right biga]; "artwork.7" [sculpture group.3 [right acroterium]]
object.3: Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus [Temple of Jupiter Capitolinus] {"artwork.1" [relief.1 [pediment's tympanum]]; "artwork.2" [sculpture.1 [Minerva]]; "artwork.3" [sculpture.2 [Jupiter⁽¹⁾]]; "artwork.4" [sculpture.3 [Juno]]; "artwork.5" [sculpture group.1 [central acroterium]]; "artwork.6" [sculpture group.2 [left acroterium]]; "artwork.7" [sculpture group.3 [right acroterium]]}
symbol: Ø
pair: Ø
duplet: Ø
group: Ø
set: Ø
cluster.1: [glorification? scene] {"creature.1" [Giant (ophiopode)]; "object.1" [wreath?]}; "artwork.1" [relief.1 [pediment's tympanum]]
cluster.2: [central quadriga] {"animal.1" [horse⁽¹⁾ (×4)]; "object.2" [chariot⁽¹⁾]}; "cluster.5" [central triumphal scene]; "artwork.5" [sculpture group.1 [central acroterium]]
cluster.3: [left biga] {"animal.1" [horse⁽²⁾ (×2)]; "object.2" [chariot⁽²⁾]}; "cluster.6" [left triumphal scene]; "artwork.6" [sculpture group.2 [left acroterium]]
cluster.4: [right biga] {"animal.1" [horse⁽³⁾ (×2)]; "object.2" [chariot⁽³⁾]}; "cluster.7" [right triumphal scene]; "artwork.7" [sculpture group.3 [right acroterium]]
cluster.5: [central triumphal scene] {"deity.1" [Jupiter⁽²⁾]; "cluster.2" [central quadriga]}; "artwork.5" [sculpture group.1 [central acroterium]]
cluster.6: [left triumphal scene] {"deity.4" [Victoria⁽¹⁾]; "cluster.3" [left biga]};
"artwork.6" [sculpture group.2 [left acroterium]]
cluster.7: [right triumphal scene] {"deity.4" [Victoria⁽²⁾]; "cluster.4" [right biga]};
"artwork.7" [sculpture group.3 [right acroterium]]
artwork.1: [relief.1 [pediment's tympanum]] "object.3" [Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus]; "cluster.1" [glorification? scene]
artwork.2: sculpture.1 "object.3" [Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus]; "deity.3" [Minerva]
artwork.3: sculpture.2 "object.3" [Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus]; "deity.1" [Jupiter⁽¹⁾]
artwork.4: sculpture.3 "object.3" [Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus]; "deity.2" [Juno]
artwork.5: sculpture group.1 [central acroterium] "object.3" [Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus]; "cluster.5" [central triumphal scene]
artwork.6: sculpture group.2 [left acroterium] "object.3" [Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus]; "cluster.6" [left triumphal scene]
artwork.7: sculpture group.3 [right acroterium] "object.3" [Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus]; "cluster.7" [right triumphal scene]
label: Ø
Descriptors
(Properties):
epithet: Ø
syncretism: Ø
prosopon: Ø
morphology.1: "creature.1" [Giant (ophiopode)] (general: composite; anthropoherpetomorphic; ophiopodeᵀᴰ) (head: human; male) (upper·body: human; male; torso with two arms and two hands) (lower·body: ophidian down from genitofemoral area; with two serpent-terminals [tails] instead of legs)
morphology.2: "object.1" [wreath?] (homogeneous?; small?; round?)
morphology.3: "object.3" [Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus] (general: composite; with hexastyle portico; large) (upper·section: pediment with triangular tympanum, dentilwork, sculptural roof decorations with central acroterium and two corner acroteria, and decorated entablature) (middle·section: six Corinthian columns; sculptures of Capitoline Triad [Jupiter, Juno, and Minerva] in individual cells) (lower·section: crepidoma with stepped stylobate [stereobate])
morphology.4: "artwork.2" [sculpture.1 [Minerva]] (homogeneous [homogeneous; human; female; head and torso with two arms and two legs; dressed; wearing stola; holding long scepter in right hand])
morphology.5: "artwork.3" [sculpture.2 [Jupiter⁽¹⁾]] (homogeneous [homogeneous; human; male; head and torso with two arms and two legs; dressed; wearing tunica palmata? and toga picta?; holding libation bowl? [phiale?/patera?] in right hand and long scepter in left hand])
morphology.6: "artwork.4" [sculpture.3 [Juno]] (homogeneous [homogeneous; human; female; head and torso with two arms and two legs; dressed; wearing stola; holding long scepter in left hand])
morphology.7: "artwork.5" [sculpture group.1 [central acroterium]] (composite [Jupiter⁽²⁾-driven four-horse⁽¹⁾ chariot⁽¹⁾ [central quadriga] on large pedestal [plinth]])
morphology.8: "artwork.6" [sculpture group.2 [left acroterium]] (composite [Victoria⁽¹⁾-driven two-horse⁽²⁾ chariot⁽²⁾ [left biga] on large pedestal [plinth]])
morphology.9: "artwork.7" [sculpture group.3 [right acroterium]] (composite [Victoria⁽²⁾-driven two-horse⁽³⁾ chariot⁽³⁾ [right biga] on large pedestal [plinth]])
aspect.1: "creature.1" [Giant (ophiopode)] (general: upright; standing frontward-rightward; unclad) (head: upright; frontward-rightward) (upper·body: upright; frontward-rightward; right·arm bent, lowered, with right·hand grasping?; left·arm bent, raised, with left·hand grasping?) (lower·body: horizontal; frontward-rightward; two serpent-terminals [tails] extended laterally; right·tail swirling, extended leftward, with tip? pointing leftward; left·tail swirling, extended rightward, with tip? pointing rightward)
aspect.2: "object.1" [wreath?] (suspended?; vertical?; upward?; frontward?)
aspect.3: "object.3" [Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus] (vertical; upward; frontward; orthographic [elevation] projection)
aspect.4: "artwork.2" [sculpture.1 [Minerva]] (vertical; upward; frontward [upright; standing frontward-rightward])
aspect.5: "artwork.3" [sculpture.2 [Jupiter⁽¹⁾]] (vertical; upward; frontward [upright; seating frontward; enthroned])
aspect.6: "artwork.4" [sculpture.3 [Juno]] (vertical; upward; frontward [upright; standing frontward-leftward])
aspect.7: "artwork.5" [sculpture group.1 [central acroterium]] (vertical; upward; frontward [Jupiter⁽²⁾ driving frontward-rightward four-horse⁽¹⁾ chariot⁽¹⁾ [central quadriga]])
aspect.8: "artwork.6" [sculpture group.2 [left acroterium]] (vertical; upward; leftward [Victoria⁽¹⁾ driving leftward two-horse⁽²⁾ chariot⁽²⁾ [left biga]])
aspect.9: "artwork.7" [sculpture group.3 [right acroterium]] (vertical; upward; leftward [Victoria⁽²⁾ driving rightward two-horse⁽³⁾ chariot⁽³⁾ [right biga]])
vector.1: "main composition" (back → front)
Operators
(Relations):
contact.1: "creature.1" [Giant (ophiopode)] ⟨holding ⟨in left·hand⟩⟩ "object.1" [wreath?]
conflict: Ø
context: Ø
contiguity: Ø
inversion.1: obverse: Domitian's head {profile; rightward; laureate-diademed}; CAESAR·AVG·F·DOMITIANVS·
COS·V [legend]
● Iconographic Type: Prominence
Occurrences
(Registered Instances):
very rare 1-6 specimens
sparse 7-18 specimens
common 19-60 specimens
abundant 60+ specimens
● Iconographic Type: Selected Universal Subject References
ICONCLASS
(Codes and Descriptions):
91C2(+8) the Giants, Gigantes (with serpents for feet), and their battle against the gods
(+ attributes)
91C22(...)(+8) single named Giants (with NAME)
(+ attributes)
12F61 temple, shrine ~ Roman religion

Source-Image(s): Ancient Coins Search (www.acsearch.info; © Courtesy of the ACSearch.info and the original holders): Roma Numismatics, Electronic Sale 68, 27 February 2020, Lot 1014. The full list of numismatic and exonumic images' sources is available on the Coins introductory page. The detailed descriptions of artefacts (provenience, dates, etc.) are generally taken verbatim from the providers of the original source-images. Figure is prepared by Alexei Alexeev.

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